Monte Carlo Simulation of Transmission Experiement

Monte Carlo Simulation of Transmission Experiement Liquid Densitometer Design dependent on Transmission and Scattering Gamma Ray Method utilizing Monte Carlo Approach R.Wirawan, M. Djamal, A.Waris, G. Handayani, H.J. Kim Conceptual. Non-dangerous testing is one technique in the material testing that was applied and produced for some reasons in the modern field. Gamma spectrometer is a one strategy that can be applied for the liquid densitometer. It was considered the capability of the utilization of transmission and dissipating gamma beam estimations so as to assess the liquid thickness utilizing GEANT4 Monte Carlo reenactment toolbox. Watchwords: Non-dangerous testing, dissipating gamma, Monte Carlo, GEANT4. PACS: 29.40.- n Presentation Gamma-beam range estimation is one of promising creating technique in the non-dangerous test application particularly for an online estimation. It’s pertinent for some mechanical applications, for example, in clinical, mining and oil industry, country security. The nature of the material can be separating from another dependent on its thickness. In the use of gamma spectrometry, it’s impact the gamma beam energies range location result. Ball et al. (1998) have researched the reaction of gamma backscatter to the spatial thickness in mass example [1]. In the liquid item investigation particularly for the oil item thickness estimation, it’s a promising strategy for a densitometer. Hussein (2011) has created examination of the liquid stream in the funnel utilizing gamma spectrometry [2]. Khorsandi and Feghhi have broke down the transmission mode in densitometer application for the oil based commodities checking applications [3]. The mix of transmission and dissipating estimation modes are acceptable drawing nearer for a superior examination technique in the locator reaction estimation because of the liquid thickness inside the channel. For this reason, reproduction utilizing Monte Carlo strategy can be led. Monte Carlo techniques have capacities in the usage of the few of material science models and give the foreseeing bring about the radiation material science application [4, 5]. In the current examination we researched the capability of the mix of these estimations utilizing the Monte Carlo radiation transport from GEANT4 recreation toolbox. Hypothesis Gamma beam vitality range trademark that recognized from its association with the material have data to distinguish the material qualities included. In the gamma beam range estimation, there are two sorts of estimation type for example transmission and dissipating. In the transmission, the gamma beam bars have a constricted force as a result of vitality retention by material. The mass weakening coefficient à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ­ of photon is an element of photon vitality. The lessened power was depicted by the Beerâ€Lambert equation: (1) where I0 episode gamma beams forces, x is material ingestion thickness, is mass retention coeficient and its corresponding to the absolute cross-area as follows , NA is the Avogadro’s number (6.021023 iota/mole) and An is nuclear mass number of material[8]. For the dispersing estimation, the distinguished photon shaft is the aftereffect of redirecting with an electrons material. Dispersing cooperations that may happen is the single dissipating or numerous scattering.The photon shaft power has lessening in the way before the dissipating point association and in the way to the indicator after the dissipating point communication. Figure 1 shows the single dissipating connection of photon with a component volume dV. Figure 1 Schematic chart of photon single dispersing connection with a component volume in the material (embraced from Devlin and Taylor) [9]. As per the Compton dispersing connection, the photon with a vitality E㠯⠁â § will be avoided with dissipating points à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ± to the starting point bearing after impact with a nuclear electron. The dissipated photon vitality (EScatt) is communicated by the equation: (2) The power of distinguished gamma photon are impact of lessening along essential photon, number of electron in component volume, differential cross-segment, weakening of dissipated photon way and the strong edge subtended by identifier at the component volume. For the single dissipating cooperation, the force of distinguished photon as delineated in the recipe: (3) where S is the source action (photon s-1), dV is component volume collaboration, n is the electron thickness of the material, r1 and r2 are the length way of the essential photon before connection and in the wake of dissipating separately. The thickness à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ² of the material is identified with the electron thickness by (4) where NA is the Avogadro number, Z is the nuclear number and M is the nuclear mass. For the Compton communication probabilities of the photon bar when it cooperate with an electron of the material was portray in differential structure by Klein-Nishina equation, (5) where r0 is clasical electron sweep (2,82 fm) and P parameter as capacity of occurrence photon vitality and dispersing edges à ¯Ã¢ Ã¢ ± as the equation (6) where consistent [1,8]. Utilizing the condition (4) and (5) to substitute parameter n and in the condition (3), we have the connection of power with the material thickness: (7) Arrangement of the condition (7) can be communicated in the straightforward structure: (8) where An and B are consistent. Strategy The recreation arrangement was created dependent on the transmission design which led tentatively done by Khorsandi [3]. Four finders are set in two sort positions where two identifiers in a similar side with source and two others in the contrary site as appeared in Figure 2. The spatial separation between two locator d10 and d30 from the collimated source pivot are about hub 27.5cm. For finder d20 is put 20 cm far away from indicator d10. Polyethylene pipe have an inward range 5cm and thickness it’s about 2mm. Liquids under scrutiny inside the channel (for example gas, gasoil and water) are thought to be of uniform density㠯⠁â ². A circle gamma beam source model is utilized for Cs-137 source is collimated by the chamber protecting lead with 5cm thickness. The 3in. x 3in. NaI(Tl) indicator model recreation in the reenactment is embraced from references [6, 7]. Reenactment dependent on GEANT4 Penelope Monte Carlo utilizing 5.0 x 107 of the gamma source beamon. Figure 2 Schematic perception of GEANT4 reproduction for the transmission and dispersing estimations arrangement. Result and Discussion To analyze the reaction capacity of transmission and dissipating estimation, right off the bat we have to consider the arrangement intended for the locator development as per the c gamma source vitality range. The Cesium 137 source was set before the Pb collimated NaI(Tl) 3 in. x 3 in. glimmer locator. Figure 3 shows the identifier reaction work range of GEANT4 reenactment result contrasting with the estimation consequence of the 15uCi gamma source. There are a decent understanding for photopeak vitality between the recreation result and the trial result. Figure 3 Response capacity of Cs137 15uCi gamma hotspot for 3 in. x 3 in NaI(Tl) identifier. In light of indicator development arrangement, at that point we breaks down the locator reaction capacity of transmission and dissipating estimation. Figure 4 shows the reaction work aftereffect of identifier that put in the four distinct situations for three diverse kind of thickness liquid for example gas, gasoil and water. Figure 4 Response capacity of finder NaI(Tl) 3in. x 3in. from GEANT4 reenactment of four distinctive finder positions for gas, gasoil and water liquids in pipe. In the all vitality range dispersion above, thickness of liquid issue give an impact to the gamma energies range. The gas has a lower thickness number, yet it shows a higher force (number of occasions) of gamma beam vitality distinguished contrast with the gasoil and water. The expanded thickness of liquid will expanded the quantity of electrons at the dissipating point connection, constriction of essential and dispersed photons. In this way, it’s give an impact to the diminishing force or pinnacle vitality range that identified by the locator. For transmission mode as appeared at d0 indicator position, the fundamental pinnacle of Cesium 137 gamma source is in the 0.662 MeV. The standardize top power shows that the GEANT4 recreations result have a decent consent to the Khorsandi (2011) analyze result as appeared in Figure 5. This outcome shows that the model can be utilized for anticipating the liquid densitometer analyze. Figure 5 Normalize force bend of transmission mode (d0 identifier position) from reenactment and trial results. Here in the Figure 6(a), we have similar patterns that the diminishing of the photopeak tallness because of the liquids thickness increment. Figure 6 Gaussian tallness bends of photopeak at four diverse finder positions. In light of the force as thickness work condition (8), the proposed consistent An and B for the bend fit in the Figure 6(a) are portrayed in Table 1. Table 1. Bend fitting consistent In light of the B steady of the four standardize check rates bends, d20 indicator position have a higher diminishing slant than the others. In opposite side, the quantity of passage photon to the locator d20 position is excessively little, so for this arrangement its need the higher movement source. Ends In this investigation, a Monte Carlo recreation of transmission and dissipating estimations of gamma beam for the liquid densitometer was done utilizing GEANT4. Because of an expansion in the liquid thickness in the funnel, the pinnacle statures of distinguished gamma beam power have diminished. The recreations for the gamma beam transmission examination were led by the trial arrangement give the best fit bend result. Affirmations The creator recognizes the money related help of Directorate General of Indonesian Higher Education through the Sandwich-Like (PKPI) Program 2013. Refference [1] A.J. Ball, C.J. Solomon, J.C. Z